The effect of Candida famata and Lactobacillus plantarum on the number of coliforms and the antibiotic resistance and virulence of Escherichia coli in the gut of broilers

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of a yeast (Candida famata) and bacterium (Lactobacillus plantarum), administered alone or in combination drinking water, on population yeast, Lactobacillus sp. coliforms, prevalence antimicrobial resistance (AMR) virulence genes Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from digesta samples taken throughout life broiler chickens. Male (Ross 308) day-old chicks (220) were used. C. famata (isolated chicken) L. plantarum pig) via water. Water provided either untreated with (CF; 108/ml), (LP; 105–108/ml), CF LP (106–108/ml) water hoppers 2 days each week for 35 days. Administering probiotics did not affect growth performance No significant interactions observed between main effects, neither nor had any size coliforms. The administration increased density yeasts small intestine at these ages. decreased age (P < 0.001). There no phenotypic AMR studies. E. that resistant ampicillin tetracycline, as well carrying ≥3 virulence-associated genes, greatest end starter phase (around 8 old), before declining through grower finisher phases. only limited evidence administering affected bird. However, tetracycline associated 0.001, P 0.01, 0.05, 0.05) carriage iron uptake systems D, iron-repressible protein, serum survival temperature-sensitive haemagglutinin respectively, suggesting accumulation genetic element conferring may be intertwined.